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(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1. A. H. OROGKPORD.

APPARATUS FOR VAPORIZING HYDROGARBONS, 8:0. No. 593,516. Patented Nov. 9, 1897.

mus virus 00.. mm'au'mu. wunmmou n c (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. H. GROGKFORD.

APPARATUS FOR VAPORIZING HYDROGARBONS, 8w.

N0. 593,516. Patented Nov. 9, 1897.

g 3 & L Q 4 J d 1 E d I ////f///////// X UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED HENRY CROCKFORD, OF LONDON, ENGLAND,

APPARATUS FOR VAPORIZING HYDROCARBONS, 80C.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 593,516, dated. November 9, 1897. Application filed September 5, 1896. Serial Ne. 604,975. (No model.) Patented in England January 4, 1894, N0. 235.

invented certain new and useful Improve ments in Apparatus for Vaporizing and Burning Hydrocarbons for Lighting and Heating Purposes, (for which I have obtained British Letters Patent No. 235,dated January 4,1894,) of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is afront elevation of my improved apparatus, the casing of the lamp-head being shown partly in vertical central section. Fig. 2 is a vertical central section drawn to an enlarged scale, showing the lower part of the lamp-head. Fig. 3 is a plan of the said lamphead.

Like letters indic'ate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.

This invention relates to apparatus for vaporizing and burning hydrocarbons for lighting and heating purposes; and the object of the invention is to improve and simplify the construction of' the apparatus and render it efficient in operation.

The invention consists, essentially, in the combination, with a mixing-chamber having one end thereof closed, of a Vapor jet or nozzle located centrally therein, a vaporizingcoil in said chamber extended downward at its lower end, a casting or tube connecting said coil with said nozzle, and a hollow or tubular stem extending rearwardly from said casting or tube through the closed end of said chamber and opening laterally .into said chamberbetween said closed end thereof and said casting or tube.

The invention also consists in the combination, with a mixing-chamber having one end thereof closed, of a vapor jet or nozzle located centrally therein, a vaporizing-coil in said chamber extended downward at its lower end, a casting or tube connecting said coil with said nozzle, and a removabletubular strainer containing filtering material and inserted in said casting or tube, said strainer having perforations opposite the nozzle and opposite the end of said coil.

Referring to the drawings, A is the oil-tank. B is the mixing-chamber. 0 is the vaporizing-coil. D is the nozzle. The vapor jet or nozzle a is screwed into a casting or tube D, having screw-threaded sockets, into which are screwed the'end of the vaporizing-coil G and also the removable screw-threaded plugs 12 b to facilitate the cleansing of the .interior of the said casting or tube D and of the end of the vaporizing-coil C. On the under side of the casting or tube D is formed a tubular or hollow stem E, which extends through a sleeve or socket B, forming a part of the bottom of mixing-chamber B. This hollow stem E is provided with a shoulder E and with a locknut or thumb-nut 0, so that it serves, in addition to its principal "function, hereinafter described, as a means" of firmly securing the nozzle and coil in the mixing-chamber. The hollow, stem E is open to ,the atmosphere at its lower end and communicates with the interior of the mixing-chamber B through lat eral apertures d in its side or wall located between the nozzle and the closed end of the chamber B, the upper end of the-said stem being closed.

It will be seen that the air entering the hollow stem or tube'E flows therefrom into the mixing-chamber B through the lateral openings cl, so that it is directed against the interior surface of the said chamber. It therefore cannot impinge directly on the jet of vapor from the nozzle, as in the vapor-lamps hitherto generally used, butis distributed in the chamber and heated by its contact with the stem or tube E and nozzle D and with the interior surface of the said chamber before it mixes with the vapor from the nozzle. Therefore the incoming air does not unduly cool the said vapor, and extinction of the flame during windy weather is prevented, since the air cannot act directly thereon, as in lamps wherein the air-admission apertures are in the wall of the mixing-chamber B.

As shown in the drawings, the lamp-head is supported by means of a stand-pipe e, connected at its upper end to the coil 0 and at its lower end to a valve shown conventionally in the drawings on the top of the oil-tank A. The oil is fed from this tank A by airpressure through a pipe f and the stand-pipe e, controllable by a valve F. (Shown conventionally in the drawings.) This construction and operation form no part of the claims made herein, and therefore detail illustration or description thereof is not necessary.

I provide for filtering the oil or vapor on its way to the flame by means of a tubular strainer J, Fig. 2, inserted in the casting D and formed with perforations J below the openings of the vaporizing-coil C and of the jet a, respectively. This strainer is adapted to contain sponge, asbestos, or other suitable filtering material and is form ed integrally with the plug 1), so as to be readily removable therewith when desired.

The holes cl in the hollow stem or tube E must be proportioned to the quantity of air requisite for complete combustion; but having once been made of the proper area they do not require to be varied by means of any adjustable mechanical devices. In some instances I provide the said hollow stem or tube with a perforated cap or plug which is screwed or otherwise secured upon or in its lower or outer end or upon the said thumbnut c in such a manner that it can be readily removed and replaced. The quantity of air admitted to the mixing-chamber B through the said stem or tube can, if desired, be determined by the area of the hole or holes in this removable cap or plug.

The stand-pipe e is preferably provided with a telescopic extension 6, to the upper end of which the lamp-head is attached, the said extension being secured in any desired position relatively to the tube e by means of a compressible ring 6 of india-rubber or other suitable material. The ring e rests in a stuffing-box or seating t at the upper end of the stand-pipe 6, so as to be readily compressed and forced against its seating and the outer surface of the tube 6' by means of a screwthreaded nut or gland t, which is provided with a handle or extension t whereby it may be readily turned. This device presents a ready means of supporting the lamp-head at difierent heights,while efiectually preventing leakage at the joint between the stand-pipe e and the telescopic extension 6'.

It is evident that, if desired, the aforesaid hollow stem or tube E may be made separately from the nozzle or burner, and instead of providing the said stem or tube with perforations it may, if desired, be left open at its upper or inner end, a deflecting-plate being arranged at a suitable distance from this end to permit the entrance into the casing of just the required quantity of air for the purpose above specified and to insure the desired lateral deflection of the said air within the casing. In this modification, as will be readily understood, there will bean annular opening between the end of the stem or tube and the said deflecting-plate for the entrance of air into the casing.

WVhat I claim is 1. In a vapor-burner or industrial lamp, the

combination, with a mixing-chamber having one end thereof closed, of a vapor jet or nozzle located centrally therein, a vaporizingcoil in said chamber extended downward at its lower end, a casting or tube connecting said coil with said nozzle, and a hollowor 7c tubular stem extending rearwardly from said casting or tube through the closed end of said chamber and opening laterally into said chamber between said closed end thereof and said casting or tube, substantially as and for the purposes, hereinbefore described.

2. In a vapor-burner or industrial lamp, the combination, with a mixing-chamber having one end thereof closed, of a vapor jet or nozzle located centrally therein, a vaporizingcoil in said chamber extended downward at its lower end, a casting or tube connecting said coil with said nozzle, and a removable tubular strainer containing filtering material and inserted in said casting or tube, said strainer having perforations opposite the nozzle and opposite the end of said coil, substantially as, and for the purposes, hereinbefore described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALFRED HENRY CROCKFORD. WVitnesses:

JOHN T. KNOWLES, HENRY W. LYNDEN. 

